1 Types Of Matrices

There are several kinds of Matrices :

1.1 Column Matrix

When a matrix has only one column, it is said to be a column matrix. eg

1.2 Row Matrix

When a matrix has only one row in it, it is said to be a Row Matrix. eg

1.3 Square Matrix

matrix in which the number of rows are equal to the number of columns, is said to be a square matrix. Thus an m × n matrix is said to be a square matrix if m = n and is known as a square matrix of order ‘n’. eg

1.4 Diagonal matix

A square matrix B = [bij] m × m is said to be a diagonal matrix if all its non diagonal elements are zero. eg

    or       

1.5 Scaler Matrix

diagonal matrix is said to be a scalar matrix if its diagonal elements are equal.

1.6 Identitiy Matrix

A square matrix in which elements in the diagonal are all 1 and rest are all zero is called an identity matrix. eg

1.7 Null Matrix

A matrix is said to be zero matrix or null matrix if all its elements are zero.. eg

2 Equality of Matrices

Two matrices A = [aij] and B = [bij] are said to be equal if

(i) they are of the same order

(ii) each element of A is equal to the corresponding element of B, that is Aij = Bij for all i and j.

eg the following matrixes are equal to each other as their corresponding element is identical

eg The following matrices are unequal as one of thir corresponding element is not identical